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A hormone in the form of nasal spray, might increase the confidence we in strangers. And this could serve as a treatment for disorders like social phobia and autism, scientists say University of Zurich, Switzerland.

The researchers were able to identify the centers of the brain that are activated when a person is betrayed their trust. And managed to suppress this activity by giving the brain oxytocin (OT), a compound that has been called "love hormone."

According to the scientists who published their study in the journal Neuron, the finding not only provides valuable information on the neurological processes involved in the trust. The findings could also help understand and treat social disorders such as phobias and autism.

In research, scientists asked volunteers to play two game types: a confidence and a risk. In the trust game, people should give money, with the understanding that an administrator (human) would invest this amount and decide whether to return the profits or betray the confidence of investors and stayed with the money. In the game of risk, individuals were told that the manager would be a computer that randomly decide whether or not returning the money.

Volunteers also received doses of nasal spray or placebo OT. Scientists chose

oxytocin because it is known that the hormone appears to be involved in the formation of social and sexual relations, and maternal links.

In the placebo group, participants who betrayed his trust were less willing to invest. But the players who were given oxytocin continued to hand over money and relying on managers.

The researchers found that during the trust game, the OT was reduced activity in two brain regions.

One of these was the amygdala, which processes fear, danger and the possibility of social betrayal and the other, an area of \u200b\u200bthe striatum, the brain circuitry that guides and adjusts the behavior based on reward.

"We found that oxytocin has a very specific social situations and apparently reduces our concerns," says Dr. Thomas Baumgartner. "With these results we conclude that a lack of oxytocin is at least one of the causes of fear that is experienced with social phobias." "And we hope to enhance the sociability of these patients by administering oxytocin," he adds.